System Impact of Biofilm Formation References
Toilet bowls

Cosmetic degradation

Pitts et al., Biofouling 13:19 (1998)

Cooling water towers Reduced heat and mass transfer Mortensen and Conley, CTI J. 15:10 (1994)
Heat exchangers Reduced heat transfer  
Paper manufacturing Degradation of product quality Vaisanen et al., J. Appl. Microbiol. 84:1069 (1998)

Robertson, TAPPI, Reprint 566 (1992)

Holt, in Biodeterioration 7, p. 493 (1987)
Food processing Contamination Wirtanen and Salo, Rev Environ Sci and Bio/Technol. 2:293-306 (2003)

Carpentier and Cerf, J. Appl. Bacteriol. 75:499 (1993)

Matilla-Sandholm and Wirtanen, Food Rev. Int. 8:573 (1992)
Metalworking Degradation of metalworking fluid Leder, Lubr. Engr. 45:217 (1989)
Photo processing Flawed prints, machine failure Elvers et al., J. Appl. Microbiol. 84:607 (1998)
Reverse osmosis water processing Reduced membrane permeability, material degradation McDonogh et al., J. Membr. Sci. 87:199 (1994)
Swimming pools Health risks, cosmetic degradation Angenent et al, PNAS 102(13):4860-4865 (2005)
Household drains Slow draining sinks  
Household surfaces Cutting surfaces, shower heads and curtains, vases  
Process equipment Corrosion and biodeterioration  
Secondary oil recovery Plugging of water injection wells, souring (hydrogen sulfide production) and corrosion Olliver and Magot, Petroleum Microbiology, ASM Press 2005, ISBN 1-55581-327-5
Sewage systems Biodeterioration  
Drinking water pipes Health risks LeChevallier et al., Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 62:220 (1996)

Camper, in Biofouling and Biocorrosion in Industrial Water Systems, Ch. 6 (1994)